Spring Steels
SPRING STEELS
They are construction components which can cause elastic change of form, transforming mechanical work into potential energy and then back to mechanical work. Therefore, spring steels are used for mitigation of impact effect and as vibration component, as safety component in strong locked parts, and for springing and control order in moving parts.
| CHEMICAL COMPOSITION | |||||||||||
| Material No | Symbol | C | Si | Mn | Pmax | Smax | Cr | Mo | V | B(min) | N(max) |
| 1.0902 | 46Si7 | 0,42 0,50 |
1,50 1,80 |
0,50 0,80 |
0,050 | 0,050 | – | – | – | – | 0,007 |
| 1.0903 | 51Si7 | 0,47 0,55 |
1,50 1,80 |
0,50 0,80 |
0,045 | 0,045 | – | – | – | – | 0,007 |
| 1.0904 | 55Si7 | 0,52 0,60 |
1,50 1,80 |
0,70 1,00 |
0,045 | 0,045 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 1.0906 | 65Si7 | 0,60 0,68 |
1,50 1,80 |
0,70 1,00 |
0,050 | 0,050 | – | – | – | – | 0,007 |
| 1.0908 | 60SiMn5 | 0,55 0,65 |
1,00 1,30 |
0,90 1,10 |
0,050 | 0,050 | – | – | – | – | 0,007 |
| 1.0961 | 60SiCr7 | 0,55 0,65 |
1,50 1,80 |
0,70 1,00 |
0,045 | 0,045 | 0,20 0,40 |
– | – | – | 0,007 |
| 1.7103 | 67SiCr5 | 0,62 0,72 |
1,20 1,40 |
0,40 0,60 |
0,035 | 0,035 | 0,40 0,60 |
– | – | – | – |
| 1.7138 | 52MnCrB3 | 0,48 0,55 |
0,15 0,35 |
0,75 1,00 |
0,035 | 0,035 | 0,40 0,60 |
– | – | 0,0005 | – |
| 1.7176 | 55Cr3 | 0,52 0,59 |
0,15 0,40 |
0,70 1,00 |
0,035 | 0,035 | 0,60 0,90 |
– | – | – | – |
| 1.7701 | 51CrMoV4 | 0,48 0,56 |
0,15 0,40 |
0,70 1,00 |
0,035 | 0,035 | 0,90 1,20 |
0,15 0,25 |
0,07 0,12 |
– | – |
| 1.8159 | 50CrV4 | 0,47 0,55 |
≤0,40 | 0,70 1,00 |
0,035 | 0,035 | 0,90 1,20 |
– | 0,10 0,20 |
– | – |
| 1.8161 | 58CrV4 | 0,55 0,62 |
0,15 0,40 |
0,70 1,00 |
0,035 | 0,035 | 0,90 1,20 |
– | 0,10 0,20 |
– | – |
| Material No | Symbol | FIELDS OF USE |
| 1.0902 | 46Si7 | particularly leaf, spring, helix spring, plate spring and spiral spring in general machine building |
| 1.0903 | 51Si7 | particularly leaf, spring, helix spring, plate spring and spiral spring in general machine building |
| 1.0904 | 55Si7 | Leaf springs thicker than 7mm, plate springs and dish springs |
| 1.0906 | 65Si7 | Vehicle leaf springs thicker than 7 mm, medium- and high-duty spiral spring, conic and helix springs |
| 1.0908 | 60SiMn5 | High and medium-duty vehicle leaf sprigs, plate, helix and ring springs thicker than 7 mm |
| 1.0961 | 60SiCr7 | Leaf springs thicker than 7mm for vehicles, helix and dish springs in general machine construction |
| 1.7103 | 67SiCr5 | particularly pulsed heavy duty springs, 25-40 mm revolving rod springs, valve springs, ring and dish springs |
| 1.7138 | 52MnCrB3 | Heavy-duty vehicle leaf springs, revolving rod and helix springs between 1270-1670 Mpa in vehicles |
| 1.7176 | 55Cr3 | Leaf, revolving rod and helix springs, particularly big drawing and compression springs |
| 1.7701 | 51CrMoV4 | heavy duty rod helix return and compression springs in vehicles |
| 1.8159 | 50CrV4 | Very high duty vehicle leaf springs, spiral, helix, conic springs with a wear resistance of 1370-1720 Mpa |
| 1.8161 | 58CrV4 | Very heavy duty big spiral, helix springs, dish springs and ring springs |
MECHANICAL PARTICULARITIES AND WORKING CONDITIONS OF SPRING STEELS
| Size | Duty | Brinell Hardness value BSD 30 |
forging temperature | hot working temperature for spring form | normal annealing and cooling | normal annealing and cooling | |||||||
| Material No | Symbol | thickness mm |
diameter mm |
high | medium | Natural hardness min | soft annealing min | ᵒC | ᵒC | ᵒC | air | ᵒC | air |
| 1.0902 | 46Si7 | 14 | – | – | * | 250 | 217 | 1100 850 |
900 830 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.0903 | 51Si7 | 17 | 24 | – | * | 270 | 245 | 1050 850 |
900 820 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.0904 | 55Si7 | 18 | – | – | * | 290 | 235 | 1050 850 |
900 830 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.0906 | 65Si7 | 18 | 26 | – | * | 310 | 240 | 1050 850 |
900 830 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.0908 | 60SiMn5 | 12 | – | – | * | 310 | 240 | 1050 850 |
900 830 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.0961 | 60SiCr7 | 20 | 40 | – | * | 310 | 255 | 1050 850 |
900 830 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.7103 | 67SiCr5 | 20 | 40 | * | – | 310 | 240 | 1050 850 |
900 820 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.7138 | 52MnCrB3 | 20 | 40 | * | – | 320 | 230 | 1050 850 |
900 820 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.7176 | 55Cr3 | 20 | 40 | * | – | 310 | 248 | 1050 850 |
900 800 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.7701 | 51CrMoV4 | 40 | 60 | * | – | 310 | 255 | 1050 850 |
920 830 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.8159 | 50CrV4 | 25 | 40 | * | – | 310 | 241 | 1050 850 |
920 820 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
| 1.8161 | 58CrV4 | 25 | 40 | * | – | 330 | 235 | 1050 850 |
920 830 |
850 880 |
* | 640 680 |
* |
HEAT TREATMENT CONDITIONS AND MECHANICAL PARTICULARITIES OF SPRING STEELS
| Heat Treatment Conditions and Mechanical Particularities | |||||||||||
| Hardening with shock cooling | temper and cooling environment | Re yielding point | Re tensile strength | A elongation (min) | Z contraction (min) | DVM notch pulse resistance | |||||
| Material No | Symbol | ᵒC | Water | Oil | ᵒC | air | Mpa(min) | Mpa | % | % | J |
| 1.0902 | 46Si7 | 830 860 |
* | – | 430 500 |
* | 1080 | 1270 1470 |
6 | 30 | 21 |
| 1.0903 | 51Si7 | 820 850 |
* | – | 350 550 |
* | 1130 | 1320 1570 |
6 | 25 | 14 |
| 1.0904 | 55Si7 | 830 860 |
(*) | * | 430 500 |
* | 1080 | 1470 1670 |
6 | 25 | 14 |
| 1.0906 | 65Si7 | 830 860 |
– | * | 430 500 |
* | 1080 | 1370 1570 |
6 | 25 | 14 |
| 1.0908 | 60SiMn5 | 830 860 |
– | * | 400 550 |
* | 1030 | 1320 1520 |
6 | 25 | 14 |
| 1.0961 | 60SiCr7 | 830 860 |
– | * | 350 550 |
* | 1130 | 1320 1570 |
6 | 30 | 21 |
| 1.7103 | 67SiCr5 | 830 860 |
– | * | 430 500 |
* | 1325 | 1470 1670 |
6 | 20 | 14 |
| 1.7138 | 52MnCrB3 | 830 860 |
– | * | 350 550 |
* | 1175 | 1320 1720 |
6 | 40 | – |
| 1.7176 | 55Cr3 | 830 860 |
– | * | 350 550 |
* | 1175 | 1320 1720 |
6 | 30 | – |
| 1.7701 | 51CrMoV4 | 830 860 |
– | * | 350 550 |
* | 1175 | 1370 1670 |
6 | – | – |
| 1.8159 | 50CrV4 | 830 860 |
– | * | 350 550 |
* | 1175 | 1370 1620 |
6 | 40 | 21 |
| 1.8161 | 58CrV4 | 830 850 |
– | * | 350 550 |
* | 1325 | 1370 1670 |
6 | 35 | 14 |
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