Carbon Steels
CARBON STEELS
Building steels expressed in terms of tensile strength are steels used in bridge construction, vehicle making, steel construction and machine construction mostly in rolled condition and in part as normally annealed, in view of tensile strengths and yielding point values. Since those steels are defined as unalloyed steel, although their mechanical particularities depend mostly on carbon amount; manganese, silicon, copper and sulfur elements derived from production raw materials and methods and particularly nitrogen and phosphor are still important.
| CHEMICAL COMPOSITION | ||||||||
| Material No | Symbol | Form of casting * | heat treatment ** | C | N max | Al max | P max | S max |
| 1.0035 | St33 | – | U,N | – | – | – | – | – |
| 1.0037 | St37-2 | – | U,N | 0,17 (max) | 0,007 | – | 0,05 | 0,05 |
| 1.0116 | St37-3 | RR | U,N | 0,17 (max) | – | 0,02 | 0,04 | 0,04 |
| 1.0044 | St44-2 | R | U,N | 0,21 (max) | 0,007 | – | 0,05 | 0,05 |
| 1.0144 | St44-3 | RR | U,N | 0,20 (max) | – | 0,02 | 0,04 | 0,04 |
| 1.0570 | St52-3 | RR | U,N | 0,20 (max) | – | 0,02 | 0,04 | 0,04 |
| 1.0050 | St50-2 | R | U,N | 0,30 (max) | 0,007 | – | 0,05 | 0,05 |
| 1.0060 | St60-2 | R | U,N | 0,40 (max) | 0,007 | – | 0,05 | 0,05 |
| 1.0070 | St70-2 | R | U,N | 0,50 (max) | 0,007 | – | 0,05 | 0,05 |
* )U: Boiling cast R: tranquil cast RR: special tranquil cast
**)U: hot rolled not processed otherwise N: normal annealed
MECHANICAL PARTICULARITIES OF GENERAL STRUCTURE STEELS
| Tensile strength (Rm) | Yielding point (Re) | Rupture elongation (A) | Folding ** (180ᵒ) | |||||||||||||||||
| < 3 mm |
≥3 ≤100 mm |
≤16 mm |
≥16 ≤40 mm |
≥40 ≤43 mm |
≥63 ≤80 mm |
≥80 ≤100 mm |
≥3 ≤40 mm |
≥40 ≤43 mm |
≥63 ≤80 mm |
≤3 mm |
≥3 ≤63 mm |
≥63 ≤100 mm |
ISO heat treatment |
≥10 ≤16 mm |
≥16 ≤63 mm |
≥63 ≤100 mm |
||||
| Material No | Symbol | Mpa | ≥ Mpa | method* | ≥ % | *** | ᵒC | ≥J | ||||||||||||
| 1.0035 | St33 | 310 540 |
290 510 |
185 | 175 | – | – | – | → ↑ |
18 16 |
– | – | 2,5a 3a |
3a 3,5a |
– | U,N | – | – | – | – |
| 1.0037 | St37-2 | 360 510 |
340 470 |
235 | 225 | 215 | 205 | 195 | → ↑ |
26 24 |
25 23 |
24 22 |
0,5a 1,5a |
1a 2a |
1,5a 2,5a |
U,N | 20 | 27 | – | – |
| 1.0116 | St37-3 | 360 510 |
340 470 |
235 | 225 | 215 | 215 | 215 | → ↑ |
26 25 |
25 24 |
24 23 |
0,5a 1,5a |
1a 2a |
1,5a 2,5a |
U N |
0 -20 |
27 27 |
27 27 |
23 23 |
| 1.0044 | St44-2 | 430 580 |
410 540 |
275 | 265 | 255 | 245 | 235 | → ↑ |
22 20 |
21 19 |
20 18 |
2a 2,5a |
2,5a 3a |
3a 3,5a |
U,N | 20 | 27 | 27 | – |
| 1.0144 | St44-3 | 430 580 |
410 540 |
275 | 265 | 255 | 245 | 235 | → ↑ |
22 20 |
21 19 |
20 18 |
2a 2,5a |
2,5a 3a |
3a 3,5a |
U N |
0 -20 |
27 27 |
27 27 |
23 23 |
| 1.0570 | St52-3 | 510 680 |
490 630 |
355 | 345 | 335 | 325 | 315 | → ↑ |
22 20 |
21 19 |
20 18 |
2a 2,5a |
2,5a 3a |
3a 3,5a |
U N |
0 -20 |
27 27 |
27 27 |
23 23 |
| 1.0050 | St50-2 | 490 660 |
470 610 |
295 | 285 | 275 | 265 | 255 | → ↑ |
20 18 |
19 17 |
18 16 |
– | – | – | U,N | – | – | – | – |
| 1.0060 | St60-2 | 590 770 |
570 710 |
335 | 325 | 315 | 305 | 295 | → ↑ |
16 14 |
15 13 |
14 12 |
– | – | – | U,N | – | – | – | – |
| 1.0070 | St70-2 | 690 900 |
670 830 |
365 | 355 | 345 | 335 | 325 | → ↑ |
11 10 |
10 9 |
9 8 |
– | – | – | U,N | – | – | – | – |
→ : in line with shaping ↑: Perpendicular to shaping
a: material thickness
U: hot rolled not processed otherwise N: normal annealed
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